Native American Tribe series.

The Five Civilized Tribes

A group of Native American nations that were officially and unofficially called such to collectively designate the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole tribes. The term was applied by Anglo-European settlers during the colonial and early federal period because these tribes had adopted many of the colonists' customs and generally, had good relations with the white settlers. All of the Five Civilized Tribes lived in the Southeastern United States before the government forced their relocation under Indian Removal Act to other parts of the country, especially the future state of Oklahoma. This act, signed into law by President Andrew Jackson in May, 1830, required that all Native American tribes living east of the Mississippi River relocate to lands west of the river.  Over the next several decades the Five Civilized Tribes were relocated from their homes to Indian Territory (Oklahoma) during a series of removals, authorized by federal legislation.

When the Civil War began in 1861, the Five Tribes were divided in politics, with the Choctaw and Chickasaw fighting on the Confederate side, the Creek and Seminole supporting the Union, and the Cherokee fighting a civil war within their own nation between the majority Confederates and the minority pro-Union men. Though the number of slaveholders was small, members of each tribe held black slaves. There were also free African Americans who lived with them, especially the Seminole. Many of these became known as Black Indians. Following the Civil War, the Federal government's peace treaties with the tribes required the emancipation of slaves and guarantees of citizenship in each nation. These former slaves became known as tribal Freedmen, such as Cherokee Freedmen. However, determining the status of the freedmen within the tribes became a difficult one, even though, in the treaties of 1866, it was agreed that they should be subject to the same laws as the Indians and be entitled to a portion of the land and rights in differing in the different tribes.

Though the United States government promised that all of the lands of the Five Civilized Tribes would be free of white settlement, this was not the case as thousands violated the policy.  In May, 1890, the lands of the five tribes were abolished, providing each member with an allotment of acreage and in 1893, the government opened the remaining land to outside settlement.

07/02/2019 By hoops2222
Tftc

06/10/2019 By FayColSalTom
Just dropped my kid at the airport so I am taking the time to find some of this series while I am here.

05/19/2019 By Hollyolliii
TFTC!! :)

05/14/2019 By mannacache
Found

04/13/2019 By mwdaley
Just had to smile when I spotted this geocache this afternoon. SL. TFTC and the very educational description related to the cache name.

07/25/2018 By jacobboulder
Quick find with tracylhs. Finishing up the hidden creatures on the way home from the airport. SL. TFTC!

Find #3703

07/25/2018 By tracylhs
Finishing up the turtle after dropping my mom off at DIA. TFTC!

07/08/2018 By k9jayhawk
Had to take my wife to DIA for an unexpected trip so took the opportunity to grab some caches in the area...TFTC SL

07/07/2018 By Chiggie
Found cache without issues. Tftc

06/25/2018 By Geopokemongo
Found with cejamison4 and BVBfan! TFTC/SL

03/17/2018 By dustyriver
Early morning cache run, Great way to start the weekend on a Friday morning with BriGuy and company . . Thanks for the adventures - = Best Wishes, DustyRiver / Terry